Heroin
The appearance of Heroin can vary, depending on where in the world the poppy it is made from was grown, how it is manufactured and what it is cut with.

There are three main varieties:
Brown Heroin
Brown Heroin is the most common type of Heroin found in the United Kingdom, and most commonly comes from Afghanistan, but also Pakistan and Northern Iran (The so called Golden Crescent).
It is a 'Base' form of Heroin and is alkaline so it is easily smoked, but needs the addition of a mild acid (commonly citric acid) in order to make it dissolve in order that it can be injected.  Reputedly it does not taste good when snorted (insufflated).
 
White Heroin (AKA #4 Heroin)
This type of Heroin more commonly originates in the 'Golden Triangle' of Laos, Burma and Thailand and is commonly found on the East Coast of the USA and Australasia.
It is more pleasant to snort than Brown Heroin.
 
Black Tar Heroin
Most commonly produced in Mexico and found on the West Coast of the USA, Black Tar Heroin can be smoked or dissolved and injected.
However, anecdotal evidence suggests that it causes faster deterioration of the veins if injected than 'powder' Heroin.